Prediction model of fetal meconium-stained amniotic fluid in re-pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a prediction model of fetal meconium-stained amniotic fluid in re-pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 180 re-pregnant women with ICP delivering in Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between January 2009 to August 2014 were collected. An artificial neural network model (ANN) for risk evaluation of fetal meconium-stained fluid was established and assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ANN for predicting fetal meconium-stained fluid were 68.0%, 85.0% and 80.3%, respectively. The risk factors with effect weight >10% were pregnancy complications, serum cholyglycine level,maternal age.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The established ANN model can be used for predicting fetal meconium-stained amniotic fluid in re-pregnant women with ICP.</p>

A Meta analysis: mother to infant transmission of hepatitis B virus via different combined immunoprophylaxis delivery modes / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of different combined immunoprophylaxis delivery modes on mother to infant transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six hundred and ninety-six relevant literatures were collected by systematic literature search. Meta-analysis was applied to seven selected literatures that met the criteria and to assess the influence on the infant HBV transmission via different delivery patterns by infants combined immunoprophylaxis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 1435 cases from seven studies which met the criteria were included. The positive rate of HBV was 7.34% (61/831) among the 831 infants in the vaginal delivery group and 4.80% (29/604) among the 604 infants in the caesarean section group. There was no statistically difference between the two groups (OR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.45 - 1.11, Z = 1.52, P = 0.13).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There was no significant effect of delivery modes on infant infectious rate of HBV by infants' passive and active immunization.</p>

Effect of vascular endothelial growth factor on pre-eclampsia in pregnant rats / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate relationship between the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia in pregnant rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Pregnant rats were divided into two groups randomly. Saline solution or L-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 125 mg/d was given subcutaneously from day 7 of gestation till establishing pre-eclampsia. Systolic blood pressure, urine protein, platelet count, and weight of pups and placenta were determined. The levels of VEGF in pregnant rats venous serum, placenta and decidual tissue from normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia rats were detected by ELISA and immunohistochemistry, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Pregnant rats which were given L-NAME produced physical signs similar to those of pre-eclampsia, such as increase in systolic blood pressure [(145.3 +/-4.6)mmHg] and urine protein [(814.3 +/-57.5)mg/L], and decrease in platelet count [(467.1 +/-76.3) x 10(9)/L] and weight of pups and placenta. Compared with controls, the intensity of VEGF immunostaining in trophoblast or decidual cells were significantly reduced. The serum levels of VEGF were significantly lower in pre-eclampsia group than in normal pregnancy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Decreased serum levels of VEGF and reduced expression of VEGF in placental tissues might in part explain the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia in pregnant rats.</p>

Imbalance of serum T helper 1- and 2-type cytokines in preeclampsia and gestational hypertension / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes in serum levels of Th1- (IL-2 and TNF-alpha) and Th2-type cytokines (IL-10) and the ratios of Th1/Th2 (IL-2/IL-10 and TNF-alpha/IL-10) in preeclampsia and in gestational hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Levels of IL-2, IL-10 and TNF-alpha were determined with radioimmunoassay in serum samples from 22 women with preeclampsia, 15 women with gestational hypertension and 32 normal term pregnant women. The Th1/Th2 ratios were calculated accordingly.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were no significant differences in serum levels of IL-2, IL-10 and TNF-alpha (P>0.05 for all) among normal pregnancy, gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. The ratio of serum IL-2/IL-10 was significantly higher in preeclampsia than that in controls (P < 0.05), and the ratio of TNF-alpha/IL-10 significantly higher in patients with preeclampsia than that in either controls or gestational hypertension (P<0.025 for both).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Alterations of serum cytokine balance with predominance of Th1 immunity were observed in preeclampsia. These associations may offer insight into the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.</p>

Expression of Fas and FasL in serum and placenta of preeclamptic pregnancy and its significance / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the serum and placental levels of FAS and FASL in preeclampsia (PE) and to study its relationship with the disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty women with preeclampsia and 39 healthy pregnant women were recruited and samples of serum and placentas were collected. The expression of Fas and FasL in placentas was detected with Western blot and the concentration of soluble Fas and FasL in serum was detected with ELISA method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Serum levels of soluble Fas in PE group were significantly higher than those of healthy pregnant women (2.11+/-0.95 mg/L compared with 1.57+/-0.60 mg/L, P<0.05), and serum levels of soluble FasL in PE group were also significantly higher than those in controls (4.43+/-1.90 g/L compared with 3.48+/-1.53 g/L, P<0.01). There were no significant differences in Fas and FasL levels in placentas between PE group and healthy pregnant women (P>0.05 for both).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The elevated serum Fas and FasL levels are closely associated with preeclampsia, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease.</p>

Relationship between serum resistin level and preeclampsia / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the alteration of serum resistin levels in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blood samples were take from 28 normal non-pregnant women, 27 women in the 1st, 26 in the 2nd and 26 in the 3rd trimester of normal pregnancy and 25 women with preeclampsia. Serum resistin concentration was determined using ELISA method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Serum levels of resistin were not significantly different among non-pregnancy, the 1st and the 2nd trimester of pregnancy (P>0.05 for all). Serum resistin level was significantly elevated in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy as compared with non-pregnancy (P<0.01), the 1st (P<0.001) and the 2nd trimester of pregnancy (P<0.001). Serum resistin level was significantly lower in preeclampsia than in the 3rd trimester of normal pregnancy (P<0.001), but was comparable to that of non-pregnancy, the 1st and the 2nd trimester of pregnancy (P>0.05 for all).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The decrease of serum resistin level in the preeclampsia may provide insight into the pathogenesis of the disease.</p>

Effects of ketamine on noradrenaline release from the locus coeruleus in rabbits / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of ketamine on the release of norepinephrine(NE)fromlocus coeruleus in the brain of rabbits,trying to elucidate the central mechanism of cardio-vascular responseinduced by ketamine.Methods Nine healthy male New Zealand rabbits weighing 2.0-2.5 kg were used in thisstudy.A trocar(0.8 mm in diameter)was inserted into locus coeruleus using the stereotactic technique and fixed.Four days later push-pull perfusion of the brain was performed.37℃ artificial cerebrospinal fluid(aCSF)wasinfused through the trocar at 0.1 ml?min~(-1).A loading dose of ketamine 2 mg?kg~(-1) was given i.v.followed byketamine infusion at 50 ?g?kg~(-1)?min~(-1) for 20 min.The perfusate from locus coeruleus was collected before duringand after ketamine infusion every 20 min.The NE concentration of the perfusate was measured by high performanceliquid chromatography(HPLC).Results The NE concentration of perfusate from locus coeruleus increasedsignificantly after ketamine infusion from(16?3) pg～?l~(-1) to(32?4)pg??l~(-1) and returned to baseline level 20min after termination of ketamine infusion.Conclusion Ketamine increases the concentration of NE in locuscoeruleus.The increased NE release from locus coeruleus may explain the central mechanism of circulatoryexcitement induced by ketamine.